Showing posts with label Macbeth. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Macbeth. Show all posts

"Bring forth men children only"- Give here the context and comment on the line.

This line is quoted from Act1Sc7 of Macbeth, a fine tragedy by the greatest playwright, William Shakespeare.

        Lady Macbeth wants to murder Duncan and she tells Macbeth that Duncan's two two guards besides being fed heavily, will be provided with so much wine that they will loose their consciousness in their celebration and will fall in deep sleep forgetting their duty. This will make the opportunity for Macbeth to kill the unguarded king, thereupon shifting the guilt upon these senseless guards who will be baffle victims of entire heinous incident. Macbeth is compelled to tell her to give birth to only male child her strong and brutal resolution.

      Macbeth means to say that in her strong and cruel disposition she seems to loose her femine qualities, that is why, she can only give birth to male child. Macbeth's poetical imagination is very much genuine. And Lady Macbeth's strong personality and active mind are well-revealed here.
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What little does Duncan confer upon Malcolm ? How does the conferment affect Macbeth?

In Act 1 Sc4 of Macbeth, a remarkable play by the unconscious genius, William Shakespeare, Duncan the king of Scottland has conferred the title, 'The Prince Of Cumberland' on his eldest son Malcolm.


This totally
upsets
Macbeth
and
he
receives
a
shock
from
his
ambitious
core
;
he
considers
Malcolm
in
his
journey
as
a
mighty
barrier
that
he
must
either
stumble
or
overcome
if
he
is
to
attain
kingship.
From
this
moment
on,
he
enters
the
blackness
of
night
and
hell
because,
although
he
receives
the
news
during
the
day,
he
pictures
the
darkness
of
night
in
his
vivid
imagination
when
he
intends
to
do
the
evil
deed:
              "Stars hide your fires:Let not light see my black and dep desires."
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Instrument of darkness- Explain.

This phrase is addressed to the witches from the part of Banquo. Banquo is very much realistic. Hus subsequent comment on the witches a little later is that the creatures whom they met were the agents of the devil, who mislead human being by telling them certain trivial truth and then betraying them in matters of vital importance. He thus expresses this view:
          "And often time, to win us to our harm. The instument of darkness tell us truths, win us with honest trifles, to betray us
In deepest consequences."

         Banquo knows the reality. So he warns Macbeth against danger of trusting the witches absoluyely. The word 'darkness' has a significant meaning. Apparently, it suggests that they are like the stormy, darkening weather. But implicitly it suggests that they transform the life of one from fair to foul means they help to makes one's life dangerous.
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"Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hand?-Explain

These are Macbeth's frightful words, after Duncan's murder in the Act2 Sc2 of shakespeare's remarkable tragedy, Macbeth.

        After murdering Duncan, Macbeth has come out of his chamber , with his hand all bloody. He refuses to go again to leave the dagger there, rather stares at his blood-stained hands. His eyes are glued to his hands. The sights of the ghostly hands would, as it were, pull out his eyes from their sockets. He looks aghast anguished. He wanders wheather all the waters of the vast seas can never wash his hands clean again. On the contrary, the blood in his hand may turn to the seas red.

           Macbeth feels afraid even to think of what he has done. His conscience begins to stir in him terribly. His eyes seem to be haunted with the bloody colour of his hand. In his oppressed mental state, he fears that the blood of his hand can never be washed out. With a sense of despair he feels that even the water of the vast green ocean over which the great Neptune, the sea-god, presides will no be enough to wash these stain of blood from his hand to make it clean once again. Even he is afraid that the blood on his hand will redden all the water to be found on the surface of the globe.

           This line show that a sense of guilt is now weighing heavily upon Macbeth's mind. Indeed, he feels oppressed by this sense of guilt. His conscience rebukes him for what he has done. Once again we see Macbeth's power of exprwasing himself in a most vivid manner. This line thus shows the pictorial imagination of Macbeth. This line supposed to have been inspired by Seneca's lines in Phaedra:
              "Not Neptune, grandshire grave will all his ocean folding flood, can purge and wash away/ This dunghill of foul strain."

   But the superb poetry of these lines is of Shakespeare.
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"Nought's had, all's spent.....Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy."- Explain

The quoted lines from Act3 Sc2 of the remarkable play, Macbeth by the great genius,William Shakespeare are spoken by Lady Macbeth in profound melancholy.

         Duncan is murdered and Macbeth has become the king of Scotland to the fulfilment of their long cherished ambition. But she has realised that Macbeth is not really happy. Lady Macbeth gives out here that feeling of frustration with which her mind is obsessed, even after securing the crown of scotland for her husband. Actually, Lady Macbeth feels the futility of the deed they have done. She is no longer the resolute remorseless woman that we found before the murder. Here Lady Macbeth is stricken with remorse and sense of loneliness.

          Lady Macbeth frankly admits that her husand,Macbeth and herself hace actually gained nothing by their act of murder. On the otherhand, they have lost everything their honour, mental peace and joy. She herself has fallen prey to deep melancholy after becoming the queen of Scottland, but her pride and her love for her husband prevent her from expressing it to Macbeth. They have, no doubt, obtained the object of their desire, but peace and happiness have desertex them forever. She realises that  it is better to be the person who is killed than to be in joy mixed with fear . Lady Macbeth envies the dead Duncan who is free from anxiety and cares of frightened life.

             These words clearly indicate Lady Macbeth's acute frustration and depression . She now prefers death instead of living a life full of worries and agonizing suspense. Lady Macbeth feels the vast difference between the poor prize and huge price. The change in Lady Macbeth is obvious and notably contrast with the change seen in Macbeth. The effect of a forced crime on her feminine nature is partly evident here. This is actually the beginning of her end. She is not, however, after all, devilish person.
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Comment on Macbeth's reaction to his wife's death.

In Act5 Sc5 of Macbeth,by the greatest tragedian William Shakespeare, when Macbeth hears the news of his wife's death, who previously was 'his dearest love', his 'dearest partner of greatness', his only comment is that, "she would have died some time or the other, and so it does not matter if her death has taken place now."

       Then Macbeth reflects on the futility of life.He says that man is nothing but a fool and each day that is past is like a candle. Again, he shows that man is a miserable or unfortunate actor who walks proudly on the stage and expresses 'struts and frets'. Life is like a story told by an idiot or a lunatic full of sensational incidents and raging passions but having no meaning.

          This shows Macbeth's complete indifference to life and his wife's death. After hearing this news, he philosophises on life. Macbeth is now so hardened as to be incapable of any feeling. Actually, his heart is benumbed. His sense of despair is well-revealed in his reaction to Lady Macbeth's death.
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In what terms the character of Macbeth is highlighted?

Brief Character analyses of 'Macbeth'.
       
       Or, 

Short note on the Character of 'Macbeth' in William Shakespeare's play Macbeth.

In Act1 Sc2 of Macbeth, a tremendous tragedy by William Shakespeare, we see that the bleeding captain and Rosse describe the incident of the battlefield of Fife. They very vehemently assert the trecherousness of Macdownald as well as the brave and courageous battle of Macbeth, the tragic hero of the play.

           The 'bloody' captain hails Macbeth by saying 'valour's minion' and Rosse praises him by 'Bellona's bridegroom'.

            In the phrase, 'valour's minion', 'valour' means intrepidity, courage or bravery and 'minion' means favourite. Here, Macbeth is addressed as the darling of bravery . It lights up on the courageous nature of Macbeth.

          In the phrase, 'Bellona's bridegroom', Bellona is the Roman goddess of war and Macbeth is considered to be the husband of Bellona, meaning that he is no way inferior in valour to the god of war. In paying a glowing tribute to Macbeth for his bravery, Rosse refers to him as a man newly married to the goddess of war. It also finely highlights the bravery and courage of Macbeth.
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".....this dead butcher and his fiend like queen"- Who are thus described by whom and when ?

In Act 5 Sc 9 the great taragedy ,Macbeth by the greatest genius, William Shakespeare, this line has been told by Malcolm.

         Here, 'the dead butcher' refers to Macbeth for his murderous, villanious and slaughterous nature, and the 'fiend like queen' alludes to Lady Macbeth who helps her husband to achieve the kingship of Scottland by murdering king.

         After Macbeth's death at the hand of Macduff and eventually victory of Malcolm's force over Macbeth's, the nobleman of Scottland congregate under the leadership of Malcolm, the son Duncan and his rightous successor. In the statement of Malcolm where he announces the establishment of the new era of justice and virtue and the abolishment of the reign terror, he uses this above-mentioned line. But it is true that Shakespeare's play never represents Macbeth as a 'dead butcher' and nor his wife as a 'fiend'.
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"New honours come upon him, like our strange garments"- Who says this to him and why?

This line taken from Act1 Sc3 of the remarkable play, Macbeth by the Greatest genius, William Shakespeare is spoken by Banquo to Macbeth, the tragic hero of the play.

        Rosse and Angus, the two nobleman of Scottland give them the news of the happiness of Duncan in their achievement of victory.They also convey that the king has conferred on Macbeth the title of "Thane of Cawdor" as Macdownald is ordered to be exucuted. Then Banquo explains that Macbeth is absorbed in thought because 'new honours' come upon him suddenly, and he has to adjust himself to it. Banquo, in this metaphorical speech, suggests that the title "Thane of Cawdor" is like new garment, which does not fit the wearer at first, but it for sometimes becomes accustomed to it.

     The Dress-imagery of this line is noteworthy.It is a recurrent image in Macbeth that indicates the theme of appearance and reality. This new title conferred upon Macbeth hints at the validity of the prediction of the witches.
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"I bear a charmed life"- Who is the speaker?What was the 'charmed life' refer to? How is the claim proved false?

This line quoted from Act5 Sc8 of Macbeth by william shakespeare is spoken by Macbeth.

               Here 'charmed life' refers to the life of Macbeth. Macbeth thinks that his life is protected by a magical power as none born of woman can do him any harm: "The power of man, for none of woman born/ Shall harm Macbeth."

                  But Macduff, to Macbeth's great horror and dismay, tells him to give up his faith in such a charm as Macduff is not born in a natural way. Infact, he was prematurely taken out of his mother's womb: "Macduff was from his mother's womb untimely rip'd." Thus Macbeth's all hopes go to doom. He has lost all hopes of survival. His faith shaken, he is too broken to rise to the challenge.He is no more invulnerable than any other man.
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"But wherefore could not I pronounce"- What was the thing that Macbeth could not pronounce and why?

In Act2 Sc 2 of Macbeth, a great tragedy by William Shakespeare, Macbeth could not pronounce the word, 'Amen' just after the murder of Duncan.

             'Amen' is a holy word. Macbeth cannot accentuate it because his mind is sorely convulsed. He is in dire need of divine blessing but he become chocked. This is an astonishing revealation of his mind. He is remorseful and repentent for the heinous crime of regicide. He has understood his unpardonable blunder of committing such a gross injustice to the monarch. He is extremely repentent for his misdeed and he earnestly wants to expiate for it. But his soul is so burdened with sin and evil that he is unable to speak 'Amen'.
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What are the prophecies of the witches in Macbeth?

In Act 1, Sc 3 of Macbeth, the great tragedy by William Shakespeare, the witches make some prophecies to Macbeth and Banquo, the general of the king, Dunkan's Army.

            Followings are the prophecies made by the witches to Macbeth:

First witch says: "All hail, Macbeth! hail to thee, Thane of Glamis."
Second witch says: "All hail, Macbeth! hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor."
Third witch says: "All hail, Macbeth! that shalt be king hereafter."

         And followings are the predictions to Banquo from the part of the witches:

First witch says Banquo, you will be "Lesser than Macbeth, and greater."
Second witch says, you will be "Not so happy, yet much happier."
Third witch says: "Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none."
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"Fair is foul, and foul is fair"- Explain.

This line occurs in the very  opening scene of Macbeth. It is uttered by the three witches gathered in an open place in the Stormy weather when they should meet again. This line may be regarded as the  first statement of the one of main themes of the play "The reversal of value."

      This line reveals the very creed,the guiding principle of these  abnormal and Obnoxious creature. The witches do not belong to the normal human world. Foul weather to human being is a thing of delight for them. The Supernatural elements maliciously meddle with human affairs and lead human being to disasters and ultimate death through sinful ways.

             Shakespeare's main intention is to bring our attention immediately to the tragic tone of the drama: " In Macbeth", wrote Coleridge, "the poet's object was to raise the mind at once to the high tragic tone ......the true reason for the first appeared of the witches is to strike the keynote of the character of the whole drama."  This line strikes the character of the witches whom Shakespeare has represented as " the instruments of darkness".They are "the lawless of human nature". They introduce us to a topsy-turvy world where values are perverted and reversed. The Macbeth's world is a strange one where "Good things of day begin to droop and drowse" and "night's black agents to their preys do rouse".

                the line also sets the atmosphere of abnormal evil which dominates the play. The tempestuous soul, full of criminal thoughts and evil desire is the favourite choice for the witches. They are actually comparable to Satan in Paradise Lost who cries out:" Evil be thou my good." The statement of Macbeth in Act1Sc3 " So foul and fair a day I have not seen" suggests that there is an inner connection between the witches and Macbeth as the words 'fair' and 'foul' are re-echoed by Macbeth.
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"Why should I play the Roman fool"-Who is the speaker? Explain the analogy.

This line , extracted from Act 5 Sc 8 of the great tragedy Macbeth by the greatest genius, William Shakespeare is spoken by Macbeth when he understands that his death is coming soon.

                 When Macbeth is left to fight off Malcolm's troop by himself', he needs to make decision of whether or not he should stand his ground and protect his crown. Immediately he dismisses the idea of committing suicide by saying, "Why should I play the Roman fool" meaning why should I kill myself.

                  Actually, in ancient Roman times, Roman generals like Cato, Cassius, Anthony, Brutus would fall upon their sword when they were defeated in the battle. But Macbeth hates to play the part of a fool like those generals who committed suicide by their own sword. He firmly resolves that he should try to live as long as he sees living men and carry on his fight and wounded his enemies instead of killing himself.

                   This statement represents his arrogance and conceit. This line also illustrates his inherent courage and principle of not giving up till the very end.

             
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"He is here in double trust."-explain

This line is the part of Macbeth's famous soliloquy in Act 1 scene 7 of Macbeth by William Shakespeare which he makes before the murder of Duncan. Although Macbeth has already decided to commit the murder, yet he is troubled by certain doubts in the matter. He thinks of the evil consequences which he is likely to face as a result of the crime that he is going to do.

      Before murdering Duncan, Macbeth thinks of the moral objections to the crime. King Duncan is staying at his house as a guest, and Macbeth has double responsibilities towards this guest.

      First, Macbeth is Duncan's relative and Duncan's subject. This should be a strong reason to prevent Macbeth from murdering Duncan. secondly, Macbeth is Duncan's host, it is Macbeth's duty to defend Duncan against any possible murder and not to injure him with his own hand.

       Macbrth's conflicting and complex state of mind is well-revealed in this line. This line shows Macbeth's conscience is still alive. This line also shows that Macbeth is not a seasoned trailor .The seeds of trason certainly excited his mind, but they began to sprout only as a consequence of the witches's prophecies. Macbeth's soliloquy also shows his introspective nature and his analytical mind.
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"So foul and fair a day I have not seen"- Explain this line.

This is the very significant first speech, uttered by Macbeth when he appears on the neath near Forres along with Banquo. On reaching the neath, Macbeth tells banquo that he has never seen a day, which has been so fair at one time and so foul on murky at another.

        The day is foul because of the weatheris inclement with thunder and lightning and it is also fair to Macbeth for it has brought the glorious victory to him.

            Although Macbeth has not yet met the witches the connection between Macbeth and the witches is established through this remark. The irony of the situation is that Macbeth is here unconsciously repeating the words uttered by tbe witches at the end of the Act1,scene1, "Fair is foul, and foul is fair." The near repitition suggests that the spells of the witches have already worked upon Macbeth's blood. Macbeth is entering, both physically and spiritually, of course unconsciously, into the world of the witches. It also signifies the character of Macbeth as the word 'foul' is said first by Macbeth. 
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